General Information

Instructor: Dr. Song-Charng Kong (kong@iastate.edu)
Class time: M, W, F 3:10 - 4:00 PM
Classroom: 1252 Howe Hall
Instructor's office hour: M, W, F: 10 - 11 AM
TA: Matthias Veltman (mveltman@iastate.edu)

Textbook:

• Ferguson, C.R., Kirkpatrick, A.T., Internal Combustion Engines – Applied Thermosciences, 2^nd Edition, Wiley, New York, 2001.
   
• Errata (as of 07-24-2006)

References:

• Heywood, J.B., Internal Combustion Engine Fundamentals, McGraw-Hill, New York, 1988.

Syllabus

Syllabus for Fall 2008

Homework problems are assigned but are not graded. However, practicing homework problems will be beneficial in preparing for exams. Homework problems are: Chap 1 (1, 2, 5, 7, 9), Chap 2 (4, 7, 11, 14), Chap 3 (3, 6, 9, 13, 14, 15, 18), Chap 4 (4, 7, 9, 11), Chap 5 (1, 3), Chap 6 (10), Chap 7 (5, 7, 10, 11, 12), Chap 8 (2, 5, 6, 10), Chap 9 (1, 6, 7, 9, 10), Chap 10 (1, 3, 7, 9), Chap 11 (1, 2, 4).
 

Computer Simulation

Two types of computer software will be used in this course - Java Applets that come along with the textbook examples and a desktop type engine simulation code. The Java Applets are available through this link. The desktop engine simulation code is available in the computer room at Rm 0083 Black Engineering Building and instructions are available in the following. 

Desktop Computer Code Instructions

HW#1 Assignment

Part 1: Re-do Example 2.2 (page 42) but assuming different combustion duration for different spark timing. Assume the combustion duration 40 CAD for spark at 40 BTDC and 60 CAD for spark at 30 ATDC. Take a linear interpolation between the two spark limits and run the simulation every 5 CAD. Present two plots in the report: 1) thermal efficiency vs. spark timing (as in Fig. 2-16), and 2) IMEP vs. spark timing. Discuss the results and explain why the thermal efficiency is so high (as compared to our common understanding of SI engine efficiency). Also explain why there is a peak in the IMEP curve.

Part 2: Re-do Example 2.3 (page 51) with new conditions: intake P=exhaust P=100 kPa, intake T=300 K, gamma=1.3, q_in=3,000 kJ/kg. Run the simulation for compression between 7 and 15 with an interval of 1. Present five plots: 1) volumetric efficiency, 2) net thermal efficiency, 3) residual fraction, 4) IMEP, and 5) exhaust T, with all the above parameters versus the compression ratio. Discuss the results.

Report format: Type and print out the report. Use your favorite graphic software to produce plots. There is no strict format requirement for this homework.

HW#2 Assignment

HW#2 problem description.
 

HW#2 group assignment - Please contact your group member and work together.

The homework will require the use of the desktop engine simulation code, as described in the above. TA will be available in the computer room (0083 Black) at the following times:

Oct 2: 10 - 11 AM, 4 - 5 PM
Oct 3: 11 - 12 PM
Oct 6: 11 - 12 PM, 5 - 6 PM

HW #2 - Report Format

First page: Project title, names of the authors, Abstract.
Starting from the second page: Objective (what to expect), Motivation (why), Problem Description (engine geometry and operating conditions that you investigated), Approach (step-by-step procedure that you took), Results and Discussions, Conclusion, References, Appendix.

Design Project Assignment

Design requirement: Based on HW# 2 baseline engine geometry that produces 250 hp, propose strategies to improve the engine power to 450 hp.

In HW# 2, each group has proposed strategies to increase the engine power from 250 hp to 300 hp. Since the increase in power is not significant, the strategy did not need to be comprehensive. In this design project, a significant power increase is required and more than one strategy may be required. The following table is the group assignment together with the specific strategy that each group is required to focus. Each group will base on the focus area and implement additional measures to enhance the engine power. You will need to propose a final and definitive combination of strategies as the final design.

For the final design product, you are required to provide specific data and parameters for your design improvement, such as specifications of the turbocharger/supercharger  (manufacturer, pressure ratio, efficiency), intake/exhaust manifold geometric details or schematic and the reasons why the flow rate can be increased by your chosen setup, valve timing and lift profile, the shape of cam lobe, etc. You also need to provide cost for your implementation and make an assessment about its cost effectiveness. An expensive design may not be a good design although it can meet the performance requirement.

Note that several groups will be working on the same focus area. As a result, there will be inherently some competitions between design groups when the final products are submitted. You need to justify your design. The final design needs to be proposed in a way that an owner can based on your proposal and purchase parts or modify the engine to achieve the target performance.

In the report, you will also need to provide all the engine geometric parameters (bore, stroke, compression ratio, displacement volume, number of cylinders, valves per cylinder, physical engine size), operating parameters including rated speed, BSFC, air/fuel ratio at rated speed, BMEP, air and fuel flow rates, coolant flow rate, torque and power curves, intake air pressure and temperature (before and after turbo, if any), volumetric efficiency, valve timing, variable valve timing as a function of engine speed (if any), etc. A sample of engine performance document can be obtained through this link. You will need to provide as detailed information as possible, although you may not be able to present all the data in the above document.

Design Group assignment

You will work together as a group. I expect the group member will share the same loading. Please discuss with the instructor if there is any issue working together.

During the week of November 17, the instructor will meet with each group separately during the regular class time (3:10 to 4:00 pm) in the office. Preliminary results need to be available during this discussion.

Project Report Format

First page: Project title, names of the authors, Abstract.
Starting from the second page: Objective (what to expect), Motivation (why), Problem Description (engine geometry and operating conditions that you investigated), Approach (step-by-step procedure that you took), Results and Discussions, Conclusion, References, Appendix.

Laboratory

Note that students are required to download the lab hands-out from this webpage, study the procedure, and also bring the hands-out to the lab.

Lab#1 & #2

Dissemble two of the four engines in the laboratory and provide reports on the engine components. Choose one SI engine and one CI engine. The engines are multi-cylinder commercial engines including a heavy-duty Caterpillar diesel engine, a medium-duty John Deere diesel engine, a GM V-8 gasoline engine, and a Ford in-line four-cylinder gasoline engine.

Lab 1&2 Hands-out

CAT engine         Deere engine       GM V-8 engine       Ford engine
Picture 1            Picture 2             Picture 3              Picture 4

Lab#3

Measure the distillation and related properties of specific fuels.

Lab 3 Hands-out (1/4)
Lab 3 Hands-out (2/4)
Lab 3 Hands-out (3/4)
Lab 3 Hands-out (4/4)

Lab#4

Measure the octane number of specific fuels using a CFR engine.

Lab 4 Hands-out

Lab#5

Measure the operating parameters of the John Deere Model 4045 engine and perform energy balance analysis.

Lab 5 Hands-out (1/2)
Lab 5 Hands-out (2/2)
Lab 5 Data Table (Excel)

Lab#6

Perform cylinder pressure measurement of the above John Deere engine. Calculate related engine performance parameters.

Lab 6 Hands-out

Lab#7

Measure exhaust emissions (HC, CO, NOx) of a spark-ignition engine (Saturn) and compute specific engine performance parameters and the conversion efficiency of the catalytic converter.

Lab 7 Hands-out

Course Objectives:

1. Prepare students to be engine engineers in the industry and equip students with the knowledge toward designing engines to satisfy a given power, fuel economy, and emission limit requirement.
2. Given a statement of need, develop a proposed solution that meets the need. The proposed solution will include engineering specifications and a plan to develop the solution to a final product.
3. Apply their existing knowledge of thermal and mechanical systems to an engineering design problem and show that they are capable of acquiring new knowledge as needed to solve the problem.
4. Work in teams that delegate responsibility evenly and appropriately, share information and coordinate tasks so that the project flows smoothly.
5. Produce well-organized and well-documented written material. Students will be able to present this material orally in a clear, interesting and well-organized manner.
6. Demonstrate that they have acquired new knowledge in the field of internal combustion engines beyond the level attained in the prerequisite course.
7. Demonstrate competence in the use and interpretation of internal combustion engines simulation software.
8. Appreciate ME 449 in the context of contemporary issues and the interplay of technological, social, and political factors in resolving or exacerbating problems facing society.
9. Acquire an understanding of the ethical and professional responsibilities of engineers.